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Vaccination

1. Hepatitis A

This virus is transmitted through contaminated food and water. It can lead to liver damage. Highly recommended before travel. 2 vaccinations within 6 months.



2. Hepatitis B

This virus is transmitted through blood and body fluids. It can lead to liver cirrhosis (hardening) and liver cancer. Highly recommended for everyone. 3 vaccinations within 6 months.



3. Combined Hepatitis A & B

As above



4. Cervical cancer – HPV (Human Papillomavirus)

This virus is transmitted through sexual intercourse and genital contact. It can lead to pre-cancer of cervix, cervical cancer and genital warts. Highly recommended for ladies above 9 years old. Men 9-26 years of age can consider HPV vaccine for prevention of oral cancer,anal cancer, penile cancer and genital warts. 3 vaccinations within 6 months.



5. Chicken pox (varicella)

This virus is transmitted through contact and respiratory mode. It can lead to skin infection, pneumonia and brain swelling. Recommended for children and adults without immunity. 2 vaccinations within 1-2months.



6. Zoster (Shingles)

This occurs due to reactivation of the varicella virus (chicken pox). It can lead to painful rashes, post-herpetic neuralgia, brain infection (encephalitis), blindness, hearing problem and pneumonia. Recommended for adults 50 years and above. Not recommended for those with primary or acquired immunodeficiency.



7. Typhoid

This bacteria is transmitted through food and water. It can lead to blood infection and gastrointestinal infection. Recommended before travel and for food handlers.



8. Rubella (German measles)

This virus is transmitted through contact and respiratory mode. It can lead to fever, rash and birth defects. Recommended for all ladies before planning to conceive.



9. Influenza seasonal

This virus is transmitted through contact and respiratory mode. It can lead to ear infection, sinus infection, pneumonia and worsening of medical conditions. Highl recommended for children, pregnant ladies, elderly, those with chronic medical problems and healthcare workers.



10. H1N1

This virus is transmitted through contact and respiratory mode. It can lead to ear infection, sinus infection, pneumonia and worsening of medical conditions. Highly recommended for children, pregnant ladies, elderly, those with chronic medical problems and healthcare workers.



11. Pneumococcal Disease

This bacteria is transmitted through contact and respiratory mode. It can reside in the nose of 5-70% of normal healthy adults. It can lead to pneumonia and invasive pneumococcal disease – bacteremia and meningitis. Recommended for both children and adults. 1-2 doses.



12. Diphtheria, Pertussis (Whooping cough), Tetanus (Lockjaw)

Diphtheria bacteria is transmitted through contact and respiratory mode. It can lead to severe breathing difficulty, heart muscle inflammation and nerve damage.

Pertussis bacteria is transmitted through contact and respiratory mode. It can lead to ear infection, prolonged cough and pneumonia.

Tetanus bacteria enters the body through a puncture wound. It releases a toxin which can cause muscle stiffness, spasm, fits and death.

Recommended for both children and adults (every 10 years).